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what-is-a-cataract

What is Cataract?

A cataract is a clouding of the lens inside the eye, causing vision loss that cannot be corrected with glasses, contact lenses or corneal refractive surgery like LASIK.

Sometime after age 50, most of us are likely to hear our eye doctor say, “You have cataracts.”

As frightening as cataracts might sound, modern cataract surgery usually can restore vision lost to cataracts — and often can reduce your dependence on eyeglasses as well. Most cataracts are associated with the aging process and are common among older Americans.

Following surgical removal of the natural lens, an artificial intraocular lens implant is inserted (eye surgeons say that the lens is “implanted”). Cataract surgery is generally performed by an ophthalmologist (eye surgeon) in an ambulatory (rather than inpatient) setting, in a surgical center or hospital, using local anesthesia (either topical, peribulbar, or retrobulbar), usually causing little or no discomfort to the patient. Well over 90% of operations are successful in restoring useful vision, with a low complication rate. Day care, high volume, minimally invasive, small incision phacoemulsification with quick post-op recovery has become the standard of care in cataract surgery all over the world.

Types of Cataract Surgery :

  1. Phacoemulsification (Phaco)
  2. Phacoemulsification (Phaco) is the most common technique used by developed countries. It involves the use of a machine with an ultrasonic handpiece equipped with a titanium or steel tip.

  3. Manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS)
  4. This technique is an evolution of ECCE (see below) where the entire lens is expressed out of the eye through a self-sealing scleral tunnel wound.

  5. Extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE)
  6. Extracapsular cataract extraction involves the removal of almost the entire natural lens while the elastic lens capsule (posterior capsule) is left intact to allow implantation of an intraocular lens.

  7. Intracapsular cataract extraction (ICCE)
  8. Intracapsular cataract extraction (ICCE) involves the removal of the lens and the surrounding lens capsule in one piece.

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